What are working forests?

Working forests are actively managed by professional foresters to provide a wealth of environmental and economic benefits. Active management includes practices such as:

  • Tree planting
  • Timber harvesting
  • Prescribed burning
  • Invasive species control 
Working Forests for Healthy Wildlife
Large bird (red-shouldered hawk) perched on a beech tree limb in the winter.

Virginia is home to a remarkable diversity of wildlife, including over 400 species of birds, 140 species of mammals, 200 species of reptiles and amphibians, and 250 species of fish. 

Some species, such as pileated woodpeckers, gray catbirds, eastern box turtles, and rusty-patched bumblebees all require mature forests. Other species, such as wood turtles, woodcock, indigo bunting, and bobwhite quail require young forests.

To maximize the number of species in a forest, both mature and young forests are needed. Wokring forests are typically harvested at some point. Timber harvesting creates young forests,  a habitat type that has been in decline over the past 50 years. 

Young forests grow back quickly after timber harvests and provide much needed food and cover for many species of animals. 

Working forests with a mix of mature and young forests provide habitat for a large number of wildlife species. This diversity attracts people interested in a wide variety of activities, such as bird watching, hunting, and fishing. Revenue from the sale of hunting and fishing licenses is used to fund sustainable management and species recovery efforts. 

In 2023, wildlife-related recreation brought in over $12.5 billion to Virginia's economy. 

Working Forests for Healthy Wildlife
Large bird (red-shouldered hawk) perched on a beech tree limb in the winter.

Virginia is home to a remarkable diversity of wildlife, including over 400 species of birds, 140 species of mammals, 200 species of reptiles and amphibians, and 250 species of fish. 

Some species, such as pileated woodpeckers, gray catbirds, eastern box turtles, and rusty-patched bumblebees all require mature forests. Other species, such as wood turtles, woodcock, indigo bunting, and bobwhite quail require young forests.

To maximize the number of species in a forest, both mature and young forests are needed. Wokring forests are typically harvested at some point. Timber harvesting creates young forests,  a habitat type that has been in decline over the past 50 years. 

Young forests grow back quickly after timber harvests and provide much needed food and cover for many species of animals. 

Working forests with a mix of mature and young forests provide habitat for a large number of wildlife species. This diversity attracts people interested in a wide variety of activities, such as bird watching, hunting, and fishing. Revenue from the sale of hunting and fishing licenses is used to fund sustainable management and species recovery efforts. 

In 2023, wildlife-related recreation brought in over $12.5 billion to Virginia's economy. 

Working Forests for Healthy Water
A lake bordered by a colorful hardwood forest in the fall.

Working Forests for Healthy Water
A lake bordered by a colorful hardwood forest in the fall.

Working Forests for Healthy People 
A family with three young children look at large trees in the woods.

Working Forests for Healthy People 
A family with three young children look at large trees in the woods.

Working Forests for Healthy Economies
Large truck full of logs driving through the woods.

Forestry is the third largest industry in Virginia, contributing over $21 billion a year to the economy. With this comes over 104,000 jobs. These jobs include tree planters, loggers, educators, truck drivers, nursery growers, and foresters who work with woodland owners. 

Each year, active forest management results in family woodland owners receiving over $300 million. These landowners use the money, in part, to grow new forests, pay taxes, maintain roads, and improve forest health. 
Without this source of income, some family woodland owners are not be able to afford to keep their land as forest. This results in land being subdivided into smaller parcels and/or being converted to non-forested uses, such as solar or housing developments. The result is a net loss of forestland in Virginia.
We need working forests to keep forests in Virginia. 

Working Forests for Healthy Economies
Large truck full of logs driving through the woods.

Forestry is the third largest industry in Virginia, contributing over $21 billion a year to the economy. With this comes over 104,000 jobs. These jobs include tree planters, loggers, educators, truck drivers, nursery growers, and foresters who work with woodland owners. 

Each year, active forest management results in family woodland owners receiving over $300 million. These landowners use the money, in part, to grow new forests, pay taxes, maintain roads, and improve forest health. 
Without this source of income, some family woodland owners are not be able to afford to keep their land as forest. This results in land being subdivided into smaller parcels and/or being converted to non-forested uses, such as solar or housing developments. The result is a net loss of forestland in Virginia.
We need working forests to keep forests in Virginia. 

Do you own a forest? 

A middle aged man and woman standing in a hardwood forest in the winter.

If you own a forest and want to make it work for the environment and/or the economy there are many people and resources to help you get started:

Virginia Forest Landowner Education Program logo

Offers a variety of science-based programs to help you learn about the forest management options available to you.

Virginia Department of Forestry logo

Professional foresters are available to serve family woodland owners in every Virginia county. Most services are free.

Virginia Department of Wildlife Resources logo
Professional wildlife biologists are availble to family woodland owners in every Virginia county. Most services are free. 

Virginia Forestry Association logo
Works to maintain a political and economic climate favorable for forest ownership and forest industry.